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Mary Warren
Tape #H95-09-01 & 02

On October 20, 1994 Mary Warren met with Laurel Tyrrell at the University of Alaska recording studio. She overcame her shyness to speak warmly about her own life and times in the Circle and Central area. Her mother is native to the area and her father spent many years freighting with horse and dog teams to the Circle/Central area. She and her husband ran a general store in Circle City for twenty years then retired to mine for gold on Crooked Creek in Central for the next ten years. Mary helped to inspire the creation of the Circle District Historical Society and has spent many hours preserving the history of the area.


Click on a section of the menu to listen to the audio for that segment.

Mary Warren speaks to Laurel Tyrrell about...

1) Mary Warren's Early life.
Fairbanks\ Circle\ Warren, Mary - father\ mail - carrying\ airplane - arrival\ wage earning - moved\ Ladd Field\ Warren, Mary - husband\ Jewell, Wilbur\ Warren, Mary - brothers\ Warren, Mary - sister|

2) Mary's father.
life - hard\ Warren, Mary - mother's family\ mail - carrying\ trucking\ freight - hauling\ Valdez to Fairbanks\ Jewell, Walter\ Chatanika\ Graehl|

3) Mary's mother and her family.
Warren, Mary - mother\ Fairbanks - birthing\ hospital - St. Joseph's\ hospital- Episcopal|

4) Mary meets her husband
Warren, Mary - children\ Jewell, Wilbur\ store\ Post Office\ Warren, Mary - husband\ Warren, Frank\ Fairbanks - birthing\ store - changes hands\ trading post\ mail plane - frequency\ dried goods|

5) History of the store building.
store - saloon\ N.C. Co.\ building - movement\ living quarters\ wood - heat\ light\ wood - cooking\ wood - cutting\ wood - hauling|

6) Mary's chores.
wood - cooking\ wasteful\ Warren, Mary - children\ store keeping\ supply runs\ freight - hauling\ Jewell and O'Leary\ road - conditions|

7) Freight hauling through today.
trucking \ Schlofeldt, Leo\ Sourdough Express\ Warren, Mary - uncle\ O'Leary, Bill\ Warren, Mary - brother\ O'Leary, George|

8) Fishing activities.
Warren, Mary - parents\ fishing\ fishing - changes\ fish - camp\ fish - dependence|

9) Fishing activities continued.
statehood\ welfare \ fishing - changes\ fishing - today\ fish - preservation\ Warren, Mary - brother|

10) Subsistence activities.
moose\ caribou\ Warren, Mary - brother\ fishing \ subsistence - fishing\ trapping\ beaver\ lynx\ sewing|

11) People using the store.
tourists\ Farthest North Road\ Arctic Circle\ Circle people\ River people\ living out|

12) Reasons not many people living out.
Park\ living out\ Park Service\ trapping - price down|

13) Central.
road - building\ gold mining|

14) Living in Central.
road - building \ gold - mining\ Crooked Creek\ reclamation\ Warren, Frank\ thankful - good life\ gold mining - regulations|

15) Gold mining in Central.
gold mining - ground\ gold mining - changes\ ground - mined out\ diamonds|

16) Seasonal activities, historical perspective.
summer - mining\ winter - trapping\ winter - wood cutting for steamboats\ wage earning\ goods - needs change|

17) Mary as young mother.
Circle Hot Springs - outing\ raining children\ mail - frequency\ entertainment\ games - cards\ movies\ visiting|

18) Sharing Resources.
meat\ clothes\ hospitality - helping out\ hospitality - caring for others\ Holidays\ school\ church\ socializing|

19) Illness in family.
Warren, Mary - husband\ Warren, Frank\ spring - wood cutting\ radio\ emergency\ Fort Yukon Air Service\ Wright, Al\ Fairchild, Cliff\ cars - light on runway|

20) Illness in family continued.
surgery - ruptured appendix\ Evans, Dr.\ Warren, Mary - responsibilities\ Warren, Mary - family\ care for illness\ wood - cutting\ Warren, Mary - children\ Circle\ home remedies|

21) Spring wood cutting.
wood - cutting\ Birch Creek\ Yukon\ chain saws\ wood - length\ spring - travel|

22) Medical remedies.
stitching with hair\ home remedies\ Birch sap\ tea|

23) Stuck between the Summits.
Eagle Summit\ Twelve Mile Summit\ trail - travel\ cabin\ nightmare\ travel - conditions|

24) Overnight accommodations.
roadhouses - distance apart\ horses\ dogs\ freighting\ Roadhouse - Miller House\ Roadhouse - Central|

25) Old timers from Circle.
Woodchopper Joe\ storyteller\ Joe #6|


Side 2: Mary Warren speaks with Laurel Tyrell about...

1) Rules of hospitality.
Woodchopper Joe\ hospitality - helping out\ thankful - good life\ restriction\ regulations - effect of|

2) Government presence in the land.
regulations - effect of\ protection of land\ government\ travel - airplane\ tourist - treatment|

3) Government presence in the land continued.
hospitality - breaking rules\ people - not destroying land\ creating problems|

4) Old timers.
Bareil, Phil\ Coal Creek\ Woodchopper\ Bertoson, Gordon\ trapping\ fishing\ mining\ Shoelters, Bill\ death\ Bell, Ray\ Bell, Ray - family\ Eagle\ Circle|

5) Unwritten rules of the North Country.
Dasche, Carl\ cabin - ownership\ trapline - ownership\ cabin - sale\ Yukon\ land use|

6) Government presence in the Land.
unwritten rules - changes\ cabin - ownership\ cabin - burning\ regulations\ government interference\ government harassment\ tundra use|

7) Government presence continued.
trail - use\ Steese Highway\ cabin - burning\ cabin - use\ National Park Service|

8) Government presence continued.
cabin - use\ cabin - use rules\ National Park Service\ cabin - breaking rules|

9) Future use of lands.
trapping - closed\ hunting - closed\ land use - changes\ land use - permits|

10) Trapline ownership.
trapline - ownership\ cabin - ownership\ trapline - respect\ trapline - sale\ gold mining - staking claim\ trapline - unwritten law|

11) Trapline continued.
live off the land\ hard work\ trapline - character formation\ subsistence\ hunting|

12) Animal populations.
animal population - changes\ coyotes\ wolves\ wolf - increase\ people - effect on animals\ moose - reasons decline|

13) Animal populations continued.
caribou - changes\ Steese Highway\ caribou - migration pattern\ rivers - change course\ Crooked Creek|

14) Fire burned Circle store in 1969.
store burned\ electrical fire\ Warren, Mary - grandmother\ rebuilt\ camera\ Hutchinson, Dick\ jewelry box|

15) Fire burned Circle store in 1969 continued.
camera\ jewelry box\ people - out of fire\ cafe\ rooms to rent\ baking\ thankful - good years|


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